Tuberculosis (TB) affects people all over the world, although over 95 percent of the cases are in developing countries. TB is caused by a bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that affects the lungs, which can stay in the body for many months before any symptoms are seen, leading to the transmission of the disease between people. Unlike many other universal diseases, though, tuberculosis is curable if caught in time and preventable. Even with known cures for TB, scientists are still studying the structure of the Mtb protein to find ways of using it to design future drugs.
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Glioblastoma is the most aggressive form of brain cancer, and like many other cancers, its causes are still unknown. Since it is generally very malignant, researchers know that glioblastoma cells frequently reproduce to keep the tumor alive and help it grow, and the location of glioblastoma in the brain provides the cells with ample blood supply. Through their study of glioblastomas, researchers at Columbia University Medical Center recently discovered that the gene KLHL9 is a leading factor in the cause of glioblastomas.
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The National Institute of Health recently awarded the University of Texas Austin School of Nursing a $2.4 million grant to establish a new research center that will largely focus on treating individual, family, and community chronic health conditions. As one of two institutions in the U.S. to receive this award, UT Austin will be a national model to future research centers of this type.
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Osteoporosis affects a large portion of the population in the United States. According to the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), over 52 million people currently have osteoporosis or are at the risk of getting it in the future. With such a high amount of people affected, many treatments have been used on patients suffering from bone loss. However, the current treatments for this disease have been linked with an increased risk of getting infections and certain types of cancers later on. Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have recently discovered a way to create treatments for osteoporosis that lower the risk of aftereffects.
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Glycans, also known as complex carbohydrates, are essential macromolecules involved in nearly all phsyiological and pathological processes. They cover every living cell in the human body and perform a wide variety of tasks including cellular communication, growth, the spread of many diseases, and are necessary for the organisim's survival. However, there are still many glycans with unknown functions due to a lack of research. With the help of a recently awarded grant from the National Institutes of Health to the University of Georgia Athens, there will soon be more research into the roles of complex carbohydrates.
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The Department of Defense has awarded the University of Texas Austin, along with 11 other U.S. institutions, a 5 year award of $17 million to develop successful treatments for these injuries.
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