Science Market Update

Houston Researchers Identify Genes Involved in Rare Sézary Syndrome

Written by Laura Braden | Mon, Nov 16, 2015

Sézary syndrome is a rare form of T-cell lymphoma that causes different types of lesions to appear on the skin once. Very little is known about the cause of this cancer, and there are no current cures available. Researchers from Baylor College of Medicine and the MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas have identified certain genes that, when mutated, appear to play a role in Sézary syndrome

Houston researchers from these two research institutions analyzed the genomes of 37 patients suffering from Sézary syndrome and found that all these patients had mutations in certain genes that affect the signaling of T-cells and certain genes involved with cell division.

Lead author of this study and an assistant professor of Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor College of Medicine Dr. Linghua Wang explained that “this research is important because it identifies genes that may be important in this rare cancer.”

One of the genes that was identified in this study is CCR4, which is already being studied to find experimental drugs that inhibit its mutations. Other genes identified include ZEB1 which is vital to the differentiation of T-cells in the body and was found to be deleted in over half of the patients studied, and the genes IL32 and IL2RG which are both found in the immune system and were overexpressed in the majority of patients. Along with studying these genes, the Houston researchers also studied the two T-cell receptors Vβ and Vα. The team found that these receptors were arranged differently in over 1/3 of the patients when the malignant T-cell clone expanded.

“These kinds of studies are taking us to the doorstep of personal genomics,” explained Dr. David Wheeler, professor in the Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center. “We are finding particular treatment targets in some of these patients – targets for which we already have drugs or for which we can develop them.”

More research is necessary to better understand this disease, but the research being conducted by these Houston researchers is opening up potential new drug targets to treat this cancer now that more is known about genes involved.

 

Baylor College of Medicine is one of the 3 medical schools associated with the Texas Medical Center (TMC) in Houston. These 3 schools, along with 21 hospitals, 13 support organizations, 8 academic and research institutions, 6 nursing programs, 3 public health organizations, 2 universities, 2 medical schools, and 1 dental school make TMC the largest medical complex in the world.

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All the institutions that make up the Texas Medical Center have received more than $1.5 billion in current life science funding. Baylor College of Medicine received more than $208.5 million in funding from the NIH in the 2015 fiscal year. Departments at the university receiving substantial amounts of this funding include:

  1. Genetics - $74.5 million
  2. Pediatrics - $33.1 million
  3. Internal Medicine/Medicine - $22.5 million
  4. Anatomy/Cell Biology - $15.7 million
  5. Microbiology/Immunology/Virology - $9.2 million

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